Press



(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

V. D. ANDERSON.

PRESS.

No. 602,928. Patented Apr.'26, 1898.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

V. D. ANDERSON.

PRESS.

No. 602,928.. PatentedApr. 26, M398.

(Nn Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3A V. D. ANDERSON.

PRESS.

No. 602,928. Patented Apr. 26,1898.

.7lf l).

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-sheet 4Q V. D. ANDERSON.

PRESS.

No. 602,928. PatentedA 1". 26 1 898.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 5. l V. D. Al\TDERSOl\T.

PRESS.

Patented Apr. 26, 1898.

UNrrnn STATES PATENT rrrcn.

VALERIUS D. ANDERSON, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

PRESS.

SPECIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 602,928, dated April26, 1898.

Application filed July 17, 189B. Serial No. 599,538. (No model.)

T0 all wil/0m t may concern:

Be it known that I, VALnniUs D. ANDER- SON, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State ofOhio, have invented certain new and useful lm provements in- Presses, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates to presses for extracting moisture, grease, doc.,from garbage and for like Work requiring very ieavy or powerfulpressure, and is in the nature of an improvenient upon that set forth inLetters Patent of the United States granted to me May 17, 1892, No.74,802.

Amon g other novel features of construction may be mentioned anarrangement ol' the chain belt within instead of outside the main drum,the division of said belt into a plurality of parallel chains, thepositive driving of said chain or of one of its sections, theintroduction of a crushing gage-roller, and the combination therewith ofa throw-out device to stop the press in the event of a solid substanceof undue size passing the gage-roller. These and other features ofinvention will be duly pointed out and claimed.

Figure l is a side elevation of a press constructed in accordance withthe present invention; Fig. 2, a vertical sectional view of the same ina plane parallel with its side faces; Fig. 3, a vertical section in aplane at right angles to the side faces of the press; Fig. di, a sectionon the line :t a; of Fig. l; Fig. 5, a view illustrating the automaticbeltshifter, and Fig. 6 a detail view.

It has long been desired to produce a press or apparatus whereby a verylarge percentage of moisture, oil, grease, duc. should be quicklyremoved or separated from solid matters with .which they might beassociated; but it is well known to builders of this general class ofmachinery that under the best conditions obtainable the percentageremaining after pressure has been quite large. As a result of very largeexperience in the manufacture of machinery for handling` garbage, offalfrom slaughter houses, brewers and distillers grains, and the like lhave learned that the pressure must be concentrated upon a small surfaceat a time, that this must be repeated a reasonable number of times, thatthe pressure should increase with each repetition, and that the pressingdevices should be set progressively closer to compensate for reductionin bulk of the matter treated. In my patent above mentioned thesefeatures were present in part; but the press was unduly large inproportion to its capacity, and it was incapable of giving the highefficiency which l am enabled to attain by the improved constructionabout to be explained.

A indicates a main frame which is preferably cast in one piece and ofcircular form, though it may be built up ot' separate parts, if desired.This frame supports a series of roller-housings and pressure devices,and to the end that these and other parts may be readily applied to andadjusted about the frame it is cast with two circumferential grooves d dof T-form in cross-section, the narrower portion of the groove outward.At suitable intervals these grooves are made of full width to theirouter edges, as shown in Fig. 6, in order that bolts l) may have theirheads inserted through such widened portions and then moved around toany desired point in the grooves, while their stems or Shanks projectthrough the narrower portion of the grooves and beyond the frame.

B B indicate feet or standards upon which the frame A is supported andl[he upper flanged ends of which are made fast to the frame by a numberof the bolts Zi, passing through said flanges and provided with nuts, asseen in Fig. 1.

C indicates a drum, ring, or circular hoop, against the inner face ofwhich the pressing is done. This ring is made concentric with and ismounted within the frame A, sufficient clearance being left to precludebinding under any conditions that may obtain in working.

To support the ring, maintain it in position, and reduce to a minimumthe friction to be overcome in rotating it, I provide a series ofrollers D, which are carried in boxes or bearings c, movable radially inseats formed in frame A and pressed and held inward by adjusting-screwsd, provided with clamping or lock nuts c, as seen in Figs. l, 3, and 4.

IOO

To prevent lateral displacement of the ring, hoop, or drum C, it isformed with circumferential flanges f, which extend past the ends of therollers D, as seen in Figs. 3 and 4.

The rollers D are of the form shown in said Figs. 3 and i--that is tosay, they are of plain cylindrical form at their ends-to bear against alike portion of the drum or ring C and are provided with gear-teeth g atan intermediate point to mesh with teeth 71 formed in thecircumferential face of the ring or drum. The teeth will be sufficientlyshort to preclude any pressure or bearing upon their ends, the pressurein this direction being taken entirely upon the plain cylindical endportions of the rolls. By this arrangement I am enabled to give motionfrom one of the rolls to the ring and from the ring to all the otherrolls, thus precluding any slip or sliding of the ring upon the rolls,which would be apt to result in cutting or undue wear.

E indicates a driving-shaft provided with a band-wheel F and with apinion G, which meshes with a gear-wheel H, carried by a shaft I, andthis shaft in turn carries a pinion J, which meshes wi th a gear-wheel Kon the shaft of one of the rollers D, thus rotating said roll and givingmotion to the ring or drum C. Obviously other suitable gearing may beemployed, but that shown is what I have thus far used in practice.

Within the ring or drum C, I arrange a se ries of rollers L, designed tosupport and carry a chain belt M, between which and the inner surface ofthe ring or drum the pressing is effected. Each roller L is carried inhalf boxes or blocks t', held in the open yokes of threaded draw-rods N,Figs. l and 3, the rods passing radially outward through tubular bossesor ears j, formed at the ends of heavy castings or crossplates O,secured to the annular frame A by bolts Z) in the same manner as thelegs B. The rods N are screw-threaded, and at some distance beyond oroutside of the cross-plates O they pass through ears of similarcross-plates P, and are provided with nuts 7c, as shown. Between thecross-plates O and P of each pair are interposed heavy spiral springs Q,Fig. l, which, pressing outward upon the plates P, tend to carry outwardthe rods N and to cause the rolls L to press against chain belt M. Thecompression and consequent force or pressure of the springs Q isdetermined by adjustment of the nuts 7a, and the outward movement of therods and the consequent adjustment of the rolls L is determined bystop-nuts Z, screwed upon the rods before they are passed through thecrossplates O l?, and adjusted from time to time, as required. i

The boxes or blocks 1l move between suitable guides, as shown in Figs.l, 2, and 3, and are thus kept in proper position.

R indicates a feed-hopper carried by the frame A and containing a wormor screw S. (Shown by dotted lines in Fig. 4L.) The body of the hopperstands outside of frame A,but its delivery end is arranged within theframe and just above a gage-roller T. This roller is preferably madesomewhat concave and is designed to crush such solid matters as may beintroduced into the machine in pieces too large to be safely introducedbetween the belt and the drum. In order that it may perform this workand yet not break or strain the machine in the event of substancesentering which are too hard to be crushed, its boxes t' fi are eachprovided with two rods N to withstand heavy strains, and its springs Qare made heavier or more numerous than those of the initialpressing-rolls L. In other re` spects the manner of mounting andadjusting the roll T is the same as above explained in connection withrolls L, and the last of these are preferably provided with the doublerods and heavy springs, since they are required to give heavier pressurethan the first rolls of the series.

The roller T may be outside the belt M, as shown, or within the belt,though it is deemed better to place it outside.

Motion is imparted to the roller T by a gearwheel fm, keyed to its shaftand meshing with a pinion n, keyed to the shaft of one of the outsidering-supporting rolls D. The teeth of these wheels are sufficiently deepto permit all necessary play of the roller T without unmeshing.

Mfotion is imparted to the feed-screw or worm S by a belt passing abouta pulley on its shaft or in any other convenient way.

The rollers L may be arranged in any desred relation to the ring or drumC, so as to cause the pressing to be done on the upper, lower,ascending, or descending side of the ring, as preferred. In the drawingsthe rolls are shown arranged in a semicircular series, beginning at thelower and extending to the upper side of the ring, the belt returningfrom one end of the series to the other in a nearly diametric line. Thisarrangement is deemed advantageous generally, but is not essential.

Under the arrangement thus set forth the material to be treated isdelivered into hopper R and thence by screw S to the roller T and ringC, between which it is carried by their rotation. Coarse solid mattersare crushed by the roller, and the mass, thus prepared, passes on to themeeting-point of belt M and ring C, passing between them and being theresubjected to repeated and increasing pressure as the chain passes therolls L in succession. By this mode of alternate pressing and relievingfrom pressure I am enabled to remove a far greater percentage of themoisture, grease, and like matters than I have been able to do under anyother plan, the temporary relief from pressure permitting the particlescomposing the mass to rearrange themselves in a measure and also to opensufficiently to release or afford an escape for TOO the fluid particlesmechanically bound in the interior of the mass.

The ring C may be perforated or its flanges o, which extend inward pastthe ends of the rolls, may be formed with outlets for escape of thereleased fluids, grease, dac.; but the bulk of such matters will escapethrough the openings in and between the members of belt M.

Heretofore it has been customary to make the belt M with links or lagsas Wide as the entire belt; or, in other Words, it has been asingle-chain belt with wide links or lags. Such construction isobjectionable in that it does not afford free or adequate escape for thetluids or matters expressed. I obviate this difficulty by constructingthe belt of a series of parallel but independent chains with relativelynarrow links. In the drawings I have represented four such chainsconstituting the belt M, and this number has been found quitesatisfactory in presses thus far constructed. I do not, however,restrict myself to any specific number, but propose tov use any numberfrom two upward, or a singlechain belt may be used with other featureshere set forth. The compound belt is deemed best, however, not only forthis, but for all presses of this general character using belts.

Owing to the greasy character of the matters handled or extracted it hasbeen found that the belt is liable to slip or slide upon the rollers Lwithout turning them. When this happens, the rolls are apt to be out orto grind llat in spots, and it is impracticable thereafter to cause themto rotate, at least with certainty or regularity. To meet thisdifficulty, the rolls L are provided with seats or cavities p to receiveteeth or projections q, formed upon thelinks of chain or belt M, so thatif the chain or belt moves at all the several rollers must turn forwardat a like surface speed.

When the belt is composed of a plurality of4 chains, it will besuficient toprovide one of them with teeth or projections. Obviously theteeth may be formed upon the rollers and the seats or cavities in thelinks, though I prefer the construeiionshown.

After the material has traversed the full length of the series of rollsL it is left adhering mainly to the inner surface of ring 0,' though asmall portion will adhere also to the belt M. To remove the materialfrom the ring, I provide a scraper U, which is carried by a rock-shaftfr, mounted in suitable hangers or supports and furnished with a slottedsector-plate s, through which passes a clamping-bolt t. The shaft is soset as to bring the edge of the scraper close to the inner face of thering and is there clamped and retained until by reason of wear or vfromother cause it becomes necessary to reset it.

V indicates a brush, the shaft a of which passes through sleeves orboxes o, movable in slots in a hanger or support W, secured to theframe, the boxes being in the form of large tubular bolts, which can beclamped at any point in the length of the slots. The brush V is arrangedto sweep the outer face of the chain belt M as the belt passes from theupper roll to the lower roll L, and in order that it may do thiseffectively and that the belt may not fall away from it asustaining-roller X is mounted in adjustable bearings like those ofbrush V and is arranged on the opposite side of the belt, as seen inFigs. l and 2.

Y indicates a trough or hopper having its supporting-arms extendedthrough slots in the hanger or support W, which carries the brush androll X. Itis adjusted to proper position to receive the materialdetached by scraper U and by brush V and is furnished with a worm orscrew w, by which the material is carried from the hopper or trough intoany convenient receptacle or delivered upon the ground or door.

The hanger or support W is made vertically adjustable in any convenientway, a threaded stem with nuts being shown at one end and a slotted armand clamping-bolt at the other end in Fig. l.

Motion is given to the brush V and to the worm or screw w by crossed andopen belts from band-wheels on the driving-shaft E or in any equivalentway.

As a means of avoiding breakage of the machinery, I may in some casesprovide automatic mechanism for throwing off the driving-belt in theevent of substances entering the machine too large to pass beneath andIOO too hard to be crushed by the roller T. Such a mechanism isillustrated in Fig. 5, where the roller T is represented as carried bythe short arms of elbow-levers Z, the long arms of which are acted uponby the springs Q through the medium of threaded rods tr, provided withhand-wheels ly. Rising from one of the levers Z is an arm e, providedwith a stud or pin, which as the lever rises acts upon a belt-shippinglever or device of any convenient sort and through it shifts the beltfrom a fast to a loose pulley, as will be readily understood uponreference to Fig. 5. This arrangement leaves the shipping-lever free tobe manually operated whenever desired.

No claim is made to the belt-shifter proper, but only to a combinationof parts whereby the belt is shifted when the roller T is moved beyond agiven or predetermined limit.

The finishing-rollers of the series of rollers L are advisedly made oflarger diameter than the initial rollers of the series in order thatthey may be freely turned by and with the belt M, notwithstanding thegreater pressure upon them.

In the practical use of presses of this class itis sometimes desirableto embody a beltof fibrous or woven material between the chain IIO andthe drum, and this is contemplated iny the present instance. Such a beltis indicated in Fig. 2 by dotted line.

I am well aware that it has been proposed to employ a single roller or aseries of rollers. within a drum for the purpose of crushing, grinding,or pressing materials contained within the drum, and I make no claimbroadly thereto. Where such rollers are used within a hollow drum orcylinder, a wedge-shaped space is formed at the receiving side of theroll, between its circumference and the inner surface of the drum, andexperience has demonstrated that owing to this formation and to theaccumulation of material within this wedge-shaped space one of tworesults is inevitably produced-either the roll slips upon and fails todraw in the material `or the material wedges so firmly into the space asto preclude the rotation of the roll. This fact has been' demonstratedin many instances after the expenditure of large sums of money.

By the employment of the endless chain belt a pressing-space ofpractically uniform width or depth may be formed, the belt constitutingone wall of the said space and serving to confine and keepin shape thematerial under treatment and preventing its escape or disarrangement inpassing from one roll to another. lNhere thelinks of the belt or chainare made appreciably shorter than the space from roll to roll and thechain is placed within the drum instead of on the outside thereof, thechain or belt is enabled to yield slightly land to relieve the pressureupon the material .within the drum; and an endless flexible belt orchain, passing between the rollers and the ring ordrum, substantially asdescribed and shown.

2. In combination with a ring or drum, an endless flexible belt or chainwithin the drum; and pressure devices within the belt or chain, servingto press the same toward the inner surface of the ring or drum.

3. In combination with a rotatable ring or drum, a series ofpressure-rollers Within the drum; and a flexible belt or chain arrangedto travel between the drum and the rollers, substantially as describedand shown.

4. Apress, consisting of an external frame; aring or drum within saidframe; supportingrollers for said ring; an endless flexible belt orchain within the ring; a series of pressurerollers within said belt orchain; pressure devices adapted to hold the rollers against the beltwith a yielding pressure; and means for imparting motion to the ring,the belt, and the rollers.

5. In a press, an annular frame A provided with undercut circumferentialgrooves d to receive and permit adjustment of bolts; and bolts b havingtheir heads seated in said grooves, substantially as set forth.

6. In a press, a chain belt composed of a plurality of independentchains arranged side by side and in close proximity to one another,substantially as set forth.

7. In combination with an outer ring or drum, and with inner supportingor pressing rollers; an intermediate-chain belt, the belt and rollersbeing adapted to mesh or interlock substantially as and for the purposeexplained.

8. In combination with ring or drum (l, internal rollers L andinterposed belt M, a crushing-roll arranged to act upon the material fedto the press, before it passes between the belt and ring, to prepare itfor their action.

9. In combination with a press comprising a rotatable ring, a series ofrollers within the ring, and an endless flexible belt between the ringand rollers; a preliminary crushing or gage roller; yielding supportsfor said roller; and a belt-shifting lever or device arranged inproximity to the yielding roll-supports and serving to shift the beltwhenever the gageroller is moved a predetermined distance by the passagebeneath it of unyielding substances.

10. In a press, the combination of aframe, a ring rotatable therein; anendless ilexible belt Within the ring; pressure-rollers within the belt;a feed trough or hopper; and a worm or screw serving to deliver materialfrom the trough or hopper to the pressing mechanism.

1l. In combination with ring C, rolls L located within said ring;intermediate belt M; a rotary brush V bearing against one face of saidbelt; and a supporting-roll X bearing against the opposite face of saidbelt.

l2. Inl combination with ring C; rolls L within said ring; belt Mbetween the ring and rolls; scraper U bearing against the interior ofthe ring; brush V in contact with belt M; and hopper Y, provided with aworm or screw, and located within the ring, substantially as describedand shown.

13. In combination with ring C; belt M within said ring; rollers Lwithin the belt; hanger W; and scraper U, brush V, and roll X all adjustably mounted in said hanger and located within the ring. p

14. In combination with a press substantially such as described andshown; hangers or supports W provided with slots; boxes movable in saidslots and provided with clamping-nuts; and cleaning devices carried insaid boxes; all substantially as described and shown.

15. In a press, the combination of an outer lOO Woven materialinterposed between the drum ro and belt, substantially as set forth.

In Witness whereof I hereunto set my hand in the presence of twoWitnesses.

VALERIUS D. ANDERSON.

Witnesses:

WM. H. DEWITT, F. E. STEVENS.

